The Art Of War Withstanding Time Essays - Sun Tzu, Warrior Code

The Art of War: Withstanding Time History credits the Chinese General Sun Tzu (circa 500 BC) with authoring a series of essays on the subject of war. Considered to be the earliest known treatises on the subject, Sun Tzu discussed military organization, defensive and offensive strategies as well as tactical maneuvering. Of his many essays his best known work, The Art of War, continues to be a reference for modern military strategists. Sun Tzu's longevity is indebted mainly to Father J. J. M. Amiot, a French Jesuit priest, who brought a translation back to Europe shortly before the French Revolution. The nucleus of Sun Tzu's principles for the conduct of war are: "All warfare is based on deception" and "The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting". In addition to Sun Tzu's later western influence, his ideas spread throughout continental Asia and eventually to Japan. The Japanese were quick to adopt Sun Tzu's precepts; eventually adding a few chapters to The Art of War of their own. In the end, Sun Tz u's treatises played a significant role in later Japanese military strategies and history. Although Sun Tzu's work is credited to the Spring and Autumn Period, it is interesting to note the following era was that of the Warring States. Whether or not Sun Tzu's treatises are simply a product of their time or an ominous indicator is difficult to discern. What is clear, however, is the dramatic nature of his subsequential historical impact. "If you know the enemy and know yourself, your victory will not stand in doubt. If you know Heaven and know Earth, you may make your victory complete", Sun Tzu said. Being one of his most famous sayings, it has urged thousands and thousands of strategists to meticulously analyze their enemies and opponents. A stratagem of timeless value, appreciated by military leaders of all times. The military thought expounded in Sun Tzu's Art of War is abundant, almost touching on all aspects of ancient wars. His thirteen chapters of principles and theories on war have been praised by militarists around the world. But the influence of his tactics has gone far beyond the military field. Today, his military theory is appreciated by businessmen and politicians as well. Highly applicable in the business world, Sun Tzu's Art of War has become a major influence on business strategy, especially in Asia. Sun Tzu's Art of War is written by Sun Wu and is set in the final years of the Spring and Autumn Period, 770-476 BC It is not only the oldest Chinese military work in existence but the oldest military theory in the world. Sun Wu, also called Chang Qiao, is known to have lived at about the same time as Confucius (the founder of Confucianism) and the Buddha (the founder of Buddhism). "Tzu" means man and was the title for famous men in ancient China. Hence, Sun Wu became Sun Tzu. Sun Wu, who was a native of Qi, caught King Ho Lu's attention with his profound knowledge on military theory. The king appointed him to train a few troops as an experiment. The experiment was conducted with women instead soldiers. The king sent him one hundred and eighty beauties from the palace. Sun Wu divided them into two companies with the king's two favorite concubines as their leaders. He gave them axes and halberds and asked them if they knew their right from their left. The women assured him that the y did. Then with the roll of a drum he gave the order "Turn right!? The women burst out laughing. Sun Wu said, "If the rules are not clear and the orders are not clear, the commander is to blame". He repeated the instructions a third and a fourth time. Again the beauties from the palace burst out laughing. Then Sun Wu said, "If the rules are not clear and orders are not understood, the commander is to blame. But when orders are clear yet not carried out, it is the officers who are to blame". Then he executed both company leaders. The king protested. Sun Wu replied, "I have been appointed commander, and a general in the field is not bound

How To Write a Diversity Essay

How To Write a Diversity Essay How to write a diversity essay and show your uniqueness We all have something special about us which distinguishes our personalities from others. It is no wonder that often students are given an assignment of writing a diversity essay in order to figure out what makes them stand out in a social environment. Here are some reflections on how to convey your message successfully. How to write a diversity essay and show your uniqueness What is a diversity essay? A diversity essay is aimed to show what is special about you and what value you can bring to the society. Writing a diversity essay, you can tell about yourself and share your personal experience. You can also tell what other person had to deal with when he or she did not fit into the surrounding. Think of how diverse you are We all have something to share with the world which surrounds us. On the one hand, we can be proud of some of our achievements. On the other hand, we can be quite uncomfortable with revealing something that might seem to be unacceptable for our social environment. Perhaps, you moved to another country which has rules that are different from those which you got used to in your previous surrounding. You can simply have unique skills and talents which make you stand out among other students. If you struggle to find something that is special about you, consider the following factors: Race Religion Culture Work experience Socio-economic status Health issues or disability Sexual orientation Hobbies Talents Life and work experience The above factors are just a very limited list of things which make us different from other people, so choose the one which is the most applicable to you. Make sure you remain respectful of other people’s feelings though, especially if your topic concerns political or religious points of view. Questions to ask yourself Here are some questions which you can ask yourself in order to start writing a diversity essay: How your ethnical background enriched you? Did you get a valuable perspective on what happened to you? How a certain illness changed your life? What makes you stand out from the crowd? How you dealt with moving to a different country? What important event changed your life outlook for the better? From the first sight, writing a diversity essay might seem to be a complicated task because you might need to share your fears with others. However, working on this task gives you a unique opportunity to reflect on your background, your personality, your gained skills and natural talents. You do not have to write about things which are too uncomfortable for you. However, showing how you overcome your struggles can demonstrate how capable you are to get over difficulties which, in the end, we all face, regardless of the society dogmas. If you are not sure what to write about, contact us now in order to get advice from our professional essay writer.

Critique of Aristotle's Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critique of Aristotle's Politics - Essay Example Other types include tyranny, oligarchy and democracy, which are considered bad ones. It has been argued that there are a number of advantages and disadvantages that come with the type of government in practice. This affects the level of benefits of the people as well as the level of peace in a government. Benefits and disadvantages are associated with the types of government that Aristotle discusses in his classification of empires. This paper provides a discussion of those pros and cons. It also provides the argument whether these forms of rule would be suitable for the administration of the Roman Empire. Discussion One of the first political structures Aristotle refers to is a monarchy. He distinguishes a monarchy noting that, â€Å"The rule of a household is a monarchy, for every house is under one head: whereas constitutional rule is a government of freemen and equals† (Aristotle 279). Aristotle goes on to indicate that the major pros of a political monarchy are that the h ead of state is separated from the head of government. It has also been noted that there exists a great relationship between the leader and the people if the leader is a monarch. This is because people see the Royal Family as a family they can relate to. Indeed, at one point Aristotle even compares a monarchy to a family, with the head of the household constituting the King or Queen. The other pro is that this form of leadership ensures the interest of the nation is placed first in preference to other considerations. It is also a form of government that represents centuries of history and tradition. It is considered a tourist attraction due to its archaic nature, and tourists usually come to see the working palaces. This type of empire would have been successful in the Roman Empire during the reign of Diocletian which started in 284 CE. Since the monarch divided the empire into two, it would have ensured loyalty to the monarch from the eastern and the western empires. This would ens ure cases of disagreements and rebellion against the monarch are prevented. Aristocracy, on the other hand, is a form of rule which ensures the best rulers. There are certain pros associated with this form of rule. The main one is that it ensures the best people who can rule the country are given the authority to do so if the present leadership is hereditary. This ensures the country is ruled by the right people in the right direction. This form of rule would have been successful in the Roman Empire. In these regards, one considers that Aristotle extols the virtues of the aristocracy as being effective with many strongholds (Aristotle). The Roman Empire had various problems from attacks from the Vandals in 455 CE. This led to the removal of the Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus from power by the Odovacar, a paid mercenary of the Romans as well as the leader of the Goths. This is what resulted in the end of the Roman Empire. The selection of the right leader would ensure he puts the ri ght defensive measures to ensure the people are protected and the multitude of strongholds would have constituted an effective defensive measure. This would have contributed to the continued existence of the Roman Empire. Tyranny can also be considered to have certain pros with respect to the Roman Empire. This is because only a tyrant is allowed to act in a manner that he wants without considering ethics. It allows the society to run free by assuming control irrespective to the nature of the control. Aristotle notes,

Eco architecture and culture Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8250 words

Eco architecture and culture - Dissertation Example 11 3.5 What was the cultural effect on those communities that chose not to live above ground? 12 3.6 Why are some cultures still driven to living underground? 13 3.7 What are the main types of underground homes? 13 3.8 Why are underground homes still popular in certain countries and civilisations? 15 3.9 What is the modern day attraction to creating underground homes in the developed world? 17 3.10 How has modern technology influenced our perception of underground homes? 18 3.11 How has modern day thinking influenced our perception of underground homes? 19 3.12 How do modern day underground homes compare with the original? 20 3.13 How do modern day underground homes influence modern day cultural development? 20 3.14 The cultural effect of global warming 21 3.15 Underground homes and eco architecture. Differences and similarities 21 3.16 What is the way forward? 22 3.17 How today cultural development influences living underground? 22 4. Discussion on literature 23 5. Conclusion 23 6. Recommendations 24 Bibliography 25 Critical Bibliography 26 Abstract The return of living underground, as a social phenomenon, can be characterized rather as expected. The continuous increase of population in cities would have normally such outcome, either in the short or the long term. At the same time, the limitation of energy sources worldwide has promoted another trend: the alignment of architecture with the rules of sustainability. Indeed, the last decade, eco – architecture, as this trend is known, has rapidly expanded worldwide strongly affecting the social, economic and cultural framework of each country. The effects of eco-architecture on culture are discussed in this study. Emphasis is given on a particular aspect of eco-architecture: underground living. This is because underground homes have become popular, offering an effective alternative for those who are interested in promoting sustainability. It is proved that eco-architecture can interact with culture but und er certain terms. Moreover, the relationship between eco-architecture and culture is not standardized; it can be strong or weak, depending on the level at which eco-architects are free to promote architectural projects which can highly affect the cultural characteristics of a particular region. 1. Overview 1.1 Research Objectives The objectives of this study could be described as follows: a) to identify the key characteristics of eco-architecture, b) to check whether eco-architecture is able to interact with culture and at which level; C) to identify the reasons for which people had initially chosen to live underground but also the reasons for which they decided to move to buildings above the ground; d) to compare the quality of underground homes, as compared to conventional homes; e) to check whether modern thinking can affect the views of people in regard to eco-architecture and living underground and f) to estimate, as possible, the expansion of underground homes, as a trend, in the future. 1.2 Value of the topic Living underground has been a common practice in the early years of human history. Still, the rapid development of technology and the changes in the structure and the principles of societies have led to the need for different forms of living. Moving above ground has been a critical point for the history of humans. It seems that the above transition has been highly promoted by culture. For similar reasons, a different trend has recently appeared: living undergroun

Analysing the different approaches to leadership

Analysing the different approaches to leadership Leadership is about influencing, motivating, and enabling other to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organization of which they are members. And the leaders apply various from of influence- from subtle persuasion to direct application of power- to ensure that followers have the motivation and role clarity to achieve specified goals. Leaders also arrange the work environment-such as allocating resources and altering communication patterns- so employees can achieve corporate objective more easily. Leadership isnt restricted to the executive suite. Anyone in the organization may be a leader in various ways and at various times. This view is variously known as shared leadership or the leaderful organization. Effective self-directed work teams, for example, consist of members who share leadership responsibilities or otherwise allocate this role to responsible coordinator. Behavioral approach In the 1949 and 1950 leadership experts at several universities launched an intensive research investigation to answer the question what behaviors make leaders effective? Questionnaires were administered to subordinates, asking them to rate their supervisors on large number of behaviors. These studies distilled two clusters of leadership behaviors from literally thousands of leadership behavior items. One cluster represented people-oriented behaviors. This included showing mutual trust and respect for subordinates, demonstrating a genuine concern for their needs, and having a desire to look out for their welfare. Leaders with a strong people-oriented style listen to employee suggestions, do personal favors for employees, support their interests when required, and treat employees as equals, The other cluster represented a task- oriented leadership style and included behaviors that define and structure work roles Task-oriented leaders assign employees to specific tasks, clarify their work duties and procedures, ensure that they follow company rules, and push them to reach their performance capacity. They establish stretch goals and challenge employees to push beyond those high standards. (Source: pg.407 , McShane , Von Gilnow) Researchers hoped that the behavioral theories approach would not only provide more definitive answers about the nature of leadership but, if successful would also have practical implications quite different from those of the trait approach. If trait research had been successful, it would have provided a basis for selecting the right people to assume formal leadership positions in organizations. In contrast, if behavioral studies turned up critical behavioral determinants of leadership. These theories began when the ideas of unique leader traits were questioned in the 1940s, It was considered that the qualities of leaders could be analyzed better by looking at their behavior or their behavioral style that causes others to follow them. They concluded that in making an appropriate choice of how autocratic or democratic to be, a manager needed to consider three sets of issues: Personal concerns- managers had to consider their own values, their inclinations towards leadership, and the level of confidence they had in their subordinates. Subordinate concerns- mangers had to consider their subordinates-needs for responsibility and independence, their knowledge and interest of the problem, and the amount they desired to be involved in solving problems. Concern for the situation- this included concern for the nature of the problem, the competence of the group in handing the problem, the time available and the type and history of the organization. They suggested a continuum of possible leadership behavior which is available to a manager, along which may be placed various styles of leadership. At one extreme, leadership was boss-authoritarian and at the other extreme, leadership was subordinate- democratic. The continuum, therefore, represents a range of action which relates to the degree of authority used by a manager and the area of freedom available to subordinates in arriving at decisions. Autocratic style described a leader who typically tended to centralize authority, dictate work methods, make unilateral decisions, and limit employee participation. The democratic style described a leader who tended to involve employees in decision making, delegate authority, encourage participation in deciding work methods and goals, and use feedback as an opportunity for coaching employees. The laissez-faire style leader generally gave the group complete freedom to make decisions and complete the work in whatever way it saw fit. (Source: Pg.459-461. Robbins, Coulter) Contingency approach The contingency perspective of leadership is based on the idea that the most appropriate leadership style depends on the situation. Most contingency leadership theories assume that effective leaders must be both insightful and flexible. They must be able to adapt their behaviors and style to the immediate situation, this isnt easy to do, and however, Leaders typically have a preferred style. It takes considerable effort for leaders to learn when and how to alter their styles to match the situation. As we noted earlier, leaders must have high emotional intelligence so they can diagnose the circumstances and match their behaviors accordingly. (Source: pg.408 , McShane , Von Gilnow The contingency approach seeks to apply to real life situations ideas drawn from various schools of management thought. Different problems and situations require different approaches and no one approach is universally applicable. Managers must seek to identify the approach that will serve them best in any given situation, so they can achieve their goal. It is important to note that the contingency approach stresses the need for management to examine the relationship between the internal and external environment of an organization. The systems approach to management emphasizes that relationships between various parts of an organization are interlocked. The contingency approach has emphasized this idea by focusing on the nature of such relationships (Source: Pg.22-23. Appleby) Fred Fiedler developed the first comprehensive contingency model for leadership. Fiedler proposed that a key factor in leadership success was an individuals basic leadership style. He further suggested that a persons style was one of two types: task oriented or relationship oriented. To measure a leaders style, fielder developed the Least-Preferred Co-worker (LPC) questionnaire. This questionnaire contained 16 pairs of contrasting adjectives- for example. Pleasant -unpleasant, cold- warm, boring-interesting, and friendly- unfriendly. Respondents were asked to think of all the co-workers they had ever had and to describe that one person they last enjoyed working with by rating him or her on a scale of 1 to 8 ( the described the positive out of the pair) for each of the 16 sets of adjectives. Fiedler believed that you could determine a persons basic leadership style on the basis of the responses to the LPC questionnaire. What were his descriptions of these styles? Fiedler believed that if the leader described the least preferred co-worker in relatively positive ter ms (in other words, a high LPC score), then the respondent was primarily interested in good personal relations with co- workers. That is if you described the person that you least liked to work with in favorable terms, your style would be described as relationship oriented. In contrast, if you saw the least preferred co- worker in relatively unfavorable able terms (a low LPC score), you were primarily interested in productivity and getting the job done, thus, your style would be labeled as task oriented. Fiedler did acknowledge that there was a small group of people who fell in between these two extremes and who did not have a cut-and -dried personality sketch. One other point we need to make is that fiddler assumed that a persons leadership style was always the same (fixed) regardless of the situation. In other words, if you were a relationship-oriented leader, youd always be one, and the same if you were task oriented. Fiedlers research uncovered three contingency dimensions that defined the key situational factors for determining leader effectiveness, these were: Leader -member relations: the degree of confidence, trust, and respect employees had for their leader, rated as either good or poor Task structure: the degree to which job assignments were for malized and procedurized, rated as either high or low. Position power: the degree of influence a leader had over power- based activities such as hiring, firing, discipline promotions, and salary increases, rated as either strong or weak. (Source: Pg.463-464. Robbins, Coulter) Four of the most important factors influencing leadership styles Modern approaches to leadership encourage managers to be flexible and adopt the appropriate leadership style, depending on circumstances. Most of the corporations have its own corporate culture, and for those MNC firms are normally follows the original culture from the home base. Its important to apply correct culture by situational. Cultural difference does affect the leadership style and influences effectiveness. Indeed, quality leadership requires with an Individual field experience, personal appearance, and optimistic influences elements are the core competence of a successful leader. Autocratic approach is one of the traditional leadership styles. Manager retains high degree of authority and decision making, employee seem to work like a robot and work needs to be corresponding with another department. Autocratic approach is not advised to be apply when employees are being low moral, become fearful, resentful, or tense and employees are depending on their manager to make all decisions. Democratic approach tends to motivate employees with confidence in decision marking, and provides an open channel for employees to feedback and share work related ideas. It effectively produces high quality of work for the long-term goal. And it raises strong team spirit and motivates employees to perform with fullest potential for a chance to be promoted. Laissez-faire leader allows almost total freedom to his subordinates. The leader leaves the subordinates to freely set objective and work procedures. Then the leader who practices this style of leadership tries to develop the skill and talents of workers. What is the leadership style in Toyota about? The leaders in Toyota Corporation have distinctive approach and philosophy that fits the Toyota way. Why does leaders role are important within the corporation? Leaders are the producers and directors of leading the cast in an organization. It is the fundamental way that Toyota views its world and does business. And the Toyota way is the special product of the people who created Toyota and its unique history. However, the Toyota is one of the most successful companies in the world. What is the 14 principle of the Toyota way? Toyota developed 14 Toyota principles; there are 7 of them, which related to leadership influence style are as below: 1 Section: Long-term philosophy Principle: Base your management decisions on a long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term financial goals. 2 Section: The right process will produce the right results. Principle: Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface. Principle: Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right the first time. Principle: Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and Employee empowerment. Principle: Use visual control so no problems are hidden. Principle: Use only reliable, thoroughly tested technology that serves your people and processes. Section: Add Value to the Organization by Developing your people and partners Principle: Grow leaders who thoroughly understand the work, live the philosophy, and teach it to others. Principle: Develop exceptional people and teams who follow your companys philosophy. Section: continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning. Principle: Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation. What is Toyota Production system? The most visible product of Toyotas quest for excellence is its manufacturing philosophy, called the Toyota production System(TPS). TPS is the next major evolution in efficient business processes after the mass production system incented by Henry Ford, and if has been documented, analyzed, and exported to companies across industries throughout the world. Outside of Toyota, TPS is often known as Lean or Lean production, since these were the terms made popular in two best-selling books, The machine that changed the world( Womack, Jones, Roos,1991)and Lean thinking (Womack, Jones, 1996). The authors make it clear, however, that the foundation of their research on lean is TPS and Toyotas development of it. The Toyota Corporation has the Nature of task and organizational climate, managers past experience, subordinates characteristics, Expectations of superiors. Nature of task: everyone employee joined Toyota Corporations who know whats the foundation work. This is foundation. Of course, every company must have this factors influencing leadership style. Organizational climate: The Toyota Corporations leader used the organization to control his subordinates closely. This is managers approaches. If you want to be a successful leader that you must study how to organization climate. Expectations of superiors: The Toyota leaders have a expectations of superiors. The important reason, if you are a leader, you have no expectations plan or training in the per year. You arent a successful leader, Because you have no plan to make your companys profit. Then the Toyota Corporations very regards this points. It can make long- term profit for company. Although, this is including the leaders experience or acknowledges. And the superiors may expect his manager to achieve organizational goals regardless, so the Toyota leader or manager have to adopt a task-oriented authoritarian style. Managers past experience: every leader or manager must be have the experience for the manager of company. This is very important. Because the managers values and background will affect his choice of leadership styles and the manager or leader tends to adopt the style that suits his personality. If you have no the experience, you dont know how to manager that how to advance efficiency for the employee or your boss. The Toyota has a classic manager experience. So this is based on the advance the efficiency and profits foundation. Subordinates characteristics: the subordinates may be used to a certain style, maybe highly trained and independent, familiar with their work, and may expect the leader to have a certain style. The Toyotas subordinates characteristics are from the same lever work that when you first come into the Toyota company. You have no choice the other position. If you have ability, you can advance to other position when the boss considers you. Everyone is same that whereas you have a higher degree, you also from a same leaver to do work. (Source of research: Jeffrey K. Liker The Toyota Way, McGraw Hill) Conclusion If Im a leader, I will wish to become a successful one. But before that, I shall consider at the following issues of how to be a successful leader? Selecting of leadership management style is one of the core factors of being a leader. Because the team functional efficiency, influence level and the value of respect to the leader would be all referring to how much does a leader understands his /her subordinates by observation and communication, then to evaluate the appropriate of leadership and management approach. And to apply corporate mission, vision, philosophy, scope, goal, objective, strategiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and so on. Different corporate preferences will also depending or according to the cultural background of the firm base from, if its a MNC.

Differences and Similarities: Apollo and Dionysus Essay -- Greek Mytho

Differences and Similarities: Apollo and Dionysus In Greek Mythology a rivalry always occurs between certain Gods and Goddesses. In the case of Apollo and Dionysus there is no exception. They are half brothers, both sons of Zues and they compete just as most brothers do. Though the two Greek Gods, Apollo and Dionysus, were actually very similar in some ways, they severely contrasted in others. Dionysus, son of Zues and Semele and Apollo, son of Zues and Leto, both were born under strange conditions. Dionysus was born from the thigh of Zues after being fully grown, and Apollo's mother, Leto, was in labor for nine days with him because Hera did not want him to be born and would not give Leto a safe place for the child to be delivered. Both these Gods have the need for power and a very creative drive. They spent their youth recruiting new worshipers for their respective cults in which they started, each cult showing their divinity. They are both associated with the phenomenon of ecstasy, meaning to stand outside oneself. In one such case, Apollo's priestess Pythia was overcome by his spirit and began speaking in tongues. Also when possessed by Dionysus, his followers similarly changed there normal actions, breaking into wild dances and "experienced a rapturous sense of union with their God." This shows how they made contact with humans, but in very different ways. The Differences between Apollo and Dionysus are not difficult to see. Though both Gods are associated wi...

Banig Organizer Bag

Our future plans Include developing our line of travel necessities which are the Travel Bags, Passport Holders and other Travel Accessories all will still made with the main product Banging in a span of 5 years within the industry. We define our market as Travel Accessories. We currently hold 83. 33% of this market only a certain area of our target market which is UN Eave. And believe we can capture 95 %of it by year 2018. Some of our most notable customers Include Travel Managers International Inc. , Broadway travel Inc. And Allures Travel Inc. As of now we still onto have a direct competitor who makes the same kind of product that we do but there are alternatives to our product including Travel Kits made of leathers and Organizers made of plastics. Our product is unique/superior because of its main material which is the Banging. We have a competitive advantage because of our easy accessibility of our services and durability of our product. We anticipate new companies to enter this market because of the growing awareness for nature friendly products.The greatest risks associated with our business today are shift of people seeking the elf of travel agencies because they would rather use the internet to book their own. We feel we can overcome these risks because of there are still a huge number of people who trust to seek professional assistance in doing tours and there would always be clients who we can offer services. Our biggest recognized opportunities Include the growing number of tourist and the awareness of nature friendly products The management team is led by General Manager Ms.Ma. Patricia I Del Rosaries who founded the company in 2016. She graduated at Far Eastern university with a degree of BBS Tourism Management. She previously worked as a Sales Associate and Front Desk agent in Arizona, USA. The Product Design Officer is Ms. Cezanne Anne Manual together with Ms. Tanganyika Guttering both graduated with a degree of BBS Tourism Management The Sales a nd Marketing Officers Is Ms. Glacial Lazar with a degree of BBS Hotel and Restaurant Management and Ms.Czarina Abode graduate of BBS Tourism Management And The Finance Officer Ms. Journalize Joe Santos also from Far Eastern university with a degree of BBS Tourism Management. We have office located in 1120 Medial Extension, Otis, Pace, Manila. We currently perform outsourcing at Clamping Marking City. Our total full time staff is composed of 6 people and our products are distributed by direct selling. The expenses for a year by allocating budgets for each. We expect to provide an exit within 5 years by rationalization.Financial Snapshot In the fourth quarter, our company had sales of PH 162,500 and net income of PH 40,625, compared to sales of PH 83,500 and net income of PH 20,875 in first Quarter. MANAGEMENT ASPECT Key Business Operation Contemplation will be following the chain of command principle when any new reduce designs arise. Our purchasing and quality assuring officers and our finance officer will be responsible in all of the details regarding the contract between the business entity and the outsource manufacturer.If everything looks good and we want to move forward with the proposal we will take it to our general manager to get his/her approval. When the general manager approves the proposal, our sales and marketing manager will begin advertising the new product. Contemplation will focus mainly on word of mouth, social networks, and also sales calls to help make the product seen to the public. After advertising the product, we expect the travel agencies will want to pick up the new product line and begin selling them in their agency.With an established chain of command, we are taking the steps to make sure that there is full company approval on all new product designs. The following are the most important concept in key operation: Quality Control – We always check our end product we examine the final product and looks for defects and how it ca n be improved. This improves product flow and solves minor problems that could become major issues later on. Customer Satisfaction – It is important for us to measure customer satisfaction for their every transaction with us this helps us to identify the functions that need the most attention.Marketing – Identifying the needs of the market for us to develop more strategies to satisfy market demand while exceeding market expectations. Finance – Ensuring the business financial stability by maintaining financial records of the business transactions and sourcing appropriate types of finance to fund its operations. Reliability and Adaptability – It provides an interesting tension in our banging business operations. Our operations need to be reliable. We all need to know hat we can produce in a certain amount of units to meet potential demand no matter what.We also need enough adaptability to change with market and technology shifts and embrace new practices to keep our operations efficient. We chose to make Contemplation a general partnership business entity. All parties involved are responsible for the business, and they share all assets, liabilities, and profits within the partnership as a separate entity. Also, all partners have a financial duty to one another, and are expected to act in the best interests of the partnership as a whole rather than Just for their personal behalf.That is why we feel that Contemplation will thrive as a business and chose a general partnership entity because each partner will bring a specific strength to the company. Organizational Structure The organizational structure of the business shows the arrangement of the employee's position within the organization. The chart shows the key function of every employee within the company. It should be implemented for the primary purpose of facilitating the achievement of organizational goals in an efficient manner.Job Description Position: General Manager Job descri ption: Obtains profit contribution by managing staff; establishing and accomplishing easiness objectives. Job Task: Increases management's effectiveness by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training, coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers; communicating values, strategies, and objectives; assigning accountabilities; planning, monitoring, and appraising Job results; developing incentives; developing a climate for offering information and opinions; providing educational opportunities.Develops strategic plan by studying technological and financial opportunities; presenting assumptions; recommending results measurements; allocating resources; reviewing progress; making mid-course corrections. Coordinates efforts by establishing procurement, production, marketing, field, and technical services policies and practices; coordinating actions with corporate staff. Builds company image by collaborating with customers, government, community organizations, and employees; enforcing ethic al business practices. Maintains quality service by establishing and enforcing organization standards.Maintains professional and technical knowledge by attending educational workshops; reviewing professional publications; establishing personal networks; benchmarking state-of-the-art practices; participating in professional societies. Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed. Finance Officer Provides management with financial information by researching and analyzing accounts; preparing financial statements. Job Task: Prepares consolidated internal and external financial statements by gathering and analyzing information from the general ledger system and from departments.Maintains and balances an automated consolidation system by inputting data; scheduling required Jobs; verifying data. Analyzes information and options by developing spreadsheet reports; verifying information. Prepares general ledger entries by maintaining records and files; reconciling acc ounts. Prepares payments by accruing expenses; assigning account numbers; requesting disbursements; reconciling accounts. Develops and implements accounting procedures by analyzing current procedures; recommending changes. Answers accounting and financial questions by researching and interpreting data.Provides accounting support for mergers and acquisitions by reviewing financial information; converting data to general ledger system; obtaining supplementary information for preparing financial statements. Protects organization's value by keeping information confidential. Updates Job knowledge by participating in educational opportunities; reading professional publications; maintaining personal networks; participating in professional organizations. Accomplishes accounting and organization mission by completing related results as needed.Product Design Manager Provide the needed operational requirements of manufacturing and off site operations. Job Task: Tracks and receives all incoming and outgoing packages. Maintains and organizes all development samples. Oversee quality control for all domestic samples Work with the design of the product and to revise and update technical flats Manage ND report prototype level costing information throughout the costing process; deadlines and approvals for: costing, quality evaluation, color, fabric and trims are met.Coordinate all factory communication for the development of proto-types. Such responsibilities will include: establishing the timeline, raw material management, and approval requirements with the factory during the centralization process. Sales and Marketing Manager Sales and Marketing manager has the knowledge of customer's needs and wants, ability of balancing customer satisfaction. Job Task: Knows how to do pricing strategyIdentify and evaluate the establishment objectives Formulate the marketing strategy/ marketing mix Compile the list of product/ service offerings Conduct commercial surveys/comments to identify another potential markets and to know the customer satisfaction Ensure increase revenue of the company Handling sales phone calls and e-mails Communicating with clients prior to their course and recording all correspondence Compiling client Information Packs Assisting with the copy writing of marketing materials Developing and implementing ideas for the marketing and sales Utilizing social outworking opportunities to facilitate sales and increase brand awareness Assisting with promotional events Attending and presenting at trade shows and school fairs Salaries: Position Number of Persons Salary Total Salaries P 15,000. 00 P 9,500. 00 Product Design Officers 2 Sales and Marketing Officers P 19,500. 00 TOTAL: P 62500. 00 Mandatory Benefits: These are mandatory requirements for employees are as follows: ASS All employees who are not 60 years of age have to be covered by the Social Security System (ASS).Both the employees and the business entity pay for the membership nutrition of the employee. The amount of the contribution is based on the employee's monthly salary and the schedule of contribution set by ASS. Coverage takes effect on the date of employment. Page-lbs. All employees who are not 60 years of age are also covered by Page-lbs. (Home Development Mutual Fund). In the same manner as that of ASS, both employees and the business entity pay for the membership contributions. The amount of the contribution is based on the employee's monthly salary and the schedule of contribution set by ASS. Coverage takes effect on the date of employment.Public Holidays The monthly salary of each member would include national public holidays. 13th month pay The 13th month pay is an extra pay given to all employees who have been employed for at least a month. If the employee has been employed for less than a year, the computation will be pro-rated depending on the length of service of the employee. Retirement Pay To ensure that the employee is financially secure upon retireme nt from the business entity, an equivalent of a half-month of salary will be contributed to the employee's retirement fund. This will start on the fifth year of service of the employee with the company. Pre-Employment Requirements:The applicant is required to undergo pre-employment medical examination and submit the following: Transcript of Records (original & 1 photocopy). The original copy will be returned to the candidate after verification ASS Number (submit E-1 /E-4, if available) Tax Identification Number NIB Clearance (dated not later than 6 months) Municipality Permit from Manila / Mayor's Permit from Manila Police Clearance Health Certificate from Manila Six PC's. XIX colored ID picture (white background) Orientation: Every employee will be required to participate in the General Orientation Program on his/her first day of employment. The objectives of the program are as follows: Integrate the employee with the Company's Mission, Vision and Values.Familiarize the employee on information relating to company policies and procedures and house rules Instill the importance of customer satisfaction by providing best service, quality and products Familiarize employees with our products and services Develop a sense of ownership and pride towards the attainment of company's goals and objectives The Orientation Program will be conducted by the General Manager. Performance Appraisal: The performance management system is an open and honest 3600 appraisal. This means that your immediate Manager will not only appraise you but you will also appraise yourself and be appraised by your own peers within the Team.All appraisals will cover: Your performance over the previous period which will be based on the performance standards set for each competency profile Your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and the specific ways to develop and enhance your skills and competencies Identification of your training, education and development needs Your career development plan for t he year ahead Out of this discussion, your career development plan will be set for the year to come, ND an action plan will be drawn up to guide you towards the attainment of your career goal. You will be advised in advance of your appraisal, when it will take place and what you need to do to prepare for it. You will have an appraisal within three months of starting work and another one, before your probationary period ends. Upon reorganization, an appraisal will be conducted regularly depending on the need of the employee and also of the Team. Ideally, an appraisal must be conducted every six months.Each subsequent appraisal must be scheduled six months after or no later than 12 months from the date of the previous appraisal. TECHNICAL ASPECT Product Concept: Contemplation has envisioned a line of products to introduce to the market but as all visions, it will have to begin with steps to get to the goal. Contemplation will launch its pioneer product which will be a Travel Organizer , It will be made with its main material which will be â€Å"banging†, Andover mat usually used in the Philippines for sleeping and sitting. The mat is made of burl, panda or sea grass leaves then the leaves are dried, usually dyed, and then cut into strips and woven into mats, which may be plain or intricate.It will be produced with this material mainly because one of Banging† for their livelihood and also to promote the Philippines being its traditional product which symbolizes their way of living, which is simplicity. The organizer will consist of pockets that will be able to hold items such as Passports, flight tickets, credit cards as well as other personal belongings. In addition to the pockets, we will also incorporate special dividers and holders that will help organize all small items such as chargers, earphones, pens/pencils, and basically anything else that may be needed during travel. This is going to be a unique and a one of a kind item that will cake trave ling easier for any type of traveler. Being made of banging it will show the true culture of the Philippines while still having those popular trend young adults are looking for.Benefit: Contemplatively organizer, a banging with zipper closures, has a variety of benefits that could be interesting for potential customers. Travel Organizers are terrific for avoiding what could otherwise be a cluttered mess in your bag, and make life easier for security inspections as well; this approach also makes smaller items less likely to be lost or forgotten. Company Profile and Logo Contemplation is a trading business entity that will produce products made of â€Å"bang. Contemplation will provide a product that has a unique Filipino touch yet it will be sold in an affordable price. It will also help promote the Philippines by using the raw materials that are traditionally produced in the Philippines.The name behind â€Å"Contemplation† is a mixture of the words; Contemporary and Pinto. C ontemporary meaning happening on the same period, the team chose this word to exactly people specially Filipinos are losing track of what their culture really is and their way of living are focused on following the trends internationally. The team wants to bring back the â€Å"banging† to the public, to be better appreciated in the current time and to be once again representing the Philippines as a product know to the world. Contemn – comes from the word contemporary it mean â€Å"modern† Pinto – is referring to the Filipino people in the Philippines Contemn (letters with banging design) – because our product is made of Banging.